Dagbani Wikipedia

Wayampi

Bali shɛba

Tɛmplet:Infobox ethnic group

Wayampi
indigenous people
Zuliya wuhibuWajãpi Mali niŋ
A ya balliTupi–Guarani Mali niŋ
Bala yɛlibu, sabbu bee buɣisibuTupi–Guarani Mali niŋ
Tingbani shɛli din yinaBrazil, French Guiana Mali niŋ
Intangible cultural heritage statusRepresentative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity Mali niŋ
Described at URLhttps://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/00049, https://ich.unesco.org/fr/RL/00049, https://ich.unesco.org/es/RL/00049, https://pib.socioambiental.org/pt/Quadro_Geral_dos_Povos Mali niŋ
For the language, see Wayampi language.

Wayampi bee Wayãpi nyɛla ninvuɣi shɛba ban be south-eastern tarisi ni French Guiana din be Camopi mini Oyapock kulibɔna ni, ni Amapari mini Carapanatuba kukibɔna din be Amapá mini Pará tiŋkara ni, Brazil. Wayampi salo galisim nyɛla kamani niriba 2,171. Kamani 950 n be French Guiana[1] tiŋsi dibaa ayi shɛli suɣa ni gili,[2] ka niriba 1,221 be Brazil[1] ka 49 mi be tiŋkpansivillages.[3]

Yuya

mali niŋ

Wayampi nyɛla bɛ ni lahi booni shɛba Wajãpi, Wayapi, Wajapi, Oiampi,[1] Barnaré, Oyampi, Oyampik, Waiapi, Walãpi, Guaiapi, Guayapi, Oiampipucu, Oyampí, Oyampipuku, Oyanpík, Waiampi, Wajapae, Wajapuku, Wayapae, n-ti pahi Wayãpi people.[4]

Bala

mali niŋ
Main article: Wayampi language

Wayampi nima tɔɣisiri la Wayampi balli, din be VIII pubu ni Tupi-Guarani bala ni. Wayampi malila bala pubu dibaa ata: Amapari Wayampi, Jari, ni Oiyapoque Wayampi. Balli maa sabirimi n doli International Phonetic Alphabet bachinima, amaa ka di pa ni French bee Portuguese orthography.[5] Bɛ ban chaŋ shikuru dii bi galisi.[4]

History

mali niŋ

Tuuli Western gbaŋ din di fiila jɛndi Wayampi nyɛla din daa yi Portuguese sani na yuuni 1690 ka booni niriba ban yi "lower Xingu River" n labi Jari River, n yi ni zaŋ dolisi Jari mini Amapari kulibɔna north polo.[6] Wayampi nyɛla ban niŋdi shintoni ni French dab'gbahiriba. Yuuni 1738, Jesuit mission din daa yooi Oyapock kulibɔŋ ni n miri saha ŋɔ tiŋa din yuli booni Camopi. Ban chani ni bɛ wuligi Adiini nyɛla ban ʒi Europea dɔriti kpe ni ka bɛ salo booi. Yuunj 1763, Jesuits maa pam ni daa zo ni ka salo maa pam niŋ yereyere.[7] Din nyaaŋa zaŋ kana ka bɛ wɔligi bɛ maŋa zaa.[7] Lahabali din yina yuuni 1770 wuhirila niriba ban kalinli yiɣisi 6,000, zaŋ maɣisi 835 yuuni 1990. Bini din gbaai yuuni 1820, tuduu polo nima shɛba daa niŋdi ningbuna ni French karachinima mini Maroons, amaa Wayampi nima pam daa na kuli nyɛla ban wɔligi bɛ maŋa be Amazonian Yɔɣu ni bini din gbaai 18th zaŋ chaŋ 19th century. The isolation was such, that only temporary canoes could be built.[8]

Yuma din gbaai 1940s ko ka tiŋgbani baŋsim nima daa kpe French Guiana tiŋkpansi;[9] Wayampi maa biɛhigu sheei daa bi viɛla, dɔriti daa pali la ni ka salo maa galisim daa buɣisi kamani 230.[6] Shikuru to dibaa ayi ka bɛ daa mɛ yuuni 1956 zaŋ chaŋ yuuni 1971.[9] Yuma din gbaai 1960s French Guiana daa mɔya ni bɛ pu lala salo ŋɔ n niŋ tiŋkpansi zaɣi kara dibaa ayi ka Wayampi Teko laɣim be. Amaa nasara din daa be dini daa bi zooi.[10] Wayampi daa ka zuliya zuɣulana, di zuɣu granman (paramount chief) nyɛla bɛ ni daa gbaai so Maroon hierarchy, amaa ka daa bi lahi niŋ din pahi.[10] Yuma din gbaai 1960s, French Gɔmnanti daa laɣim bala maa zaa ti bɔhi ba ni bɛ bɔri ni bɛ zaa le French nima. Wayampi mini Teko n-nyɛ ban daa bi saɣiti li.[11] Yuuni 2000, bɛ daa saɣiti ni bɛ leei French nima[12]

1980s naabu ni ha, bɛ daa nya Smsalima ka di.miri Camopi kulibɔŋ. Ban daa sɔɣiri gbiri li daa chaŋ ni maa ni. Vila Brasil mini Ilha Bela gba daa nyɛla bɛ ni mɛ shɛli n baɣili Camopi ka French Wayampi nima pam daa be ni. Salim gbiriba maa daa ʒi dam na, pagɔrisigu ni tima valibu yiriŋ.[13] 21st century piligu, daa pili suɣa mɛbu mini Kɔbu ni waɣili bela zaŋ yi bɛ ni daa pun be shɛli maa. Zaŋ kana yuuni 2010, Suɣa pihinahi ni anu daa be ni, ka bɛ pam daa zo Camopi tiŋa maa maŋmaŋa ni.[2]

Brazil tiŋgbani ni, di yi kuli yuui zaŋ kana yuuni 1973 ka FUNAI daa niŋ ningbuna ni Wayampi. Hali zaŋ kana zuŋɔ Wayampi tiŋgbani ni kaya ni taɣada na kuli be la di ko.[14] Yuuni 1976, "highway" BR-210 malibu daa nyɛla din chaŋ Wayampi yaɣili oooo ka di daa niŋ tɔm n ti ba ni dunia yaɣ'shɛŋa chandi. 1980s daa yina ni mɔnamɔna ka "highway" malibu daa zani ka ni tooi bi lahi tuɣi bɛ di ti yari ni di naai.[15] Air reconnaissance nyɛla ban baŋ Wayampi bala dibaa ayi yɛla ka leei bɛ tooi paa ba.[14] Brazil salo pam be la Terra Indígena Waiãpi (Wayampi Indigenous Territory), tiŋgbani shɛli din paabu tɔ, ka daa pili yuuni 1996.[16]

Bomma ni nyamma

mali niŋ

Wayampi nima niŋdi la "slash-and-burn" pukparilim din yaa jɛndi banchi, wulijo, nyuya, ni kodu.[14] Amapari nima mink "upper Oyapok" kukibɔna n-nyɛ din niŋ talahi, "while bow"- mini "arrow-fishing" n-nyɛ din zooi di tuduu polo. Gbaai yihi Mariry tiŋgbani ni, ban ʒiri salima nima yiri tiŋsi ni, bɛ zaɣa di ka bomma ni nyamma din jɛndi laɣipiɛligu.

Wayampi daa nyɛla ban niŋdi daabiligu ni Wayana Indians din zaŋ chaŋ Amapari river din be Brazil hali ti tabili Tapanahoni river din be Suriname. Bɛ daa niŋdi la gumdi mihi daabiligu, bahi dabu mini din pahi. Zuŋɔ muɣisi nyɛla din zooi din ni ka di daliri nyɛla tiŋsi ni niŋ tarisi la, amaa di na kuli nyɛla din be Wayampi niriba sunsuuni. Tum 1970s bahigu Western daa kana n-taɣi deei bɛ maŋmaŋa dina, gbaa yihi bɛ alichidiri nima mini gum-wuɣira. Lala binyɛra ŋɔ n-nyɛ kamani ammunition, gonyilinsi, yari din nyɛ kalo nima n-nyɛ din kpalim daabiligu.

Tiŋkpansi

mali niŋ
French Guiana[17][lower-alpha 1]
Place Population Comment
Camopi 600-650 main town
Trois Sauts 300-350 cluster of four villages: Roger, Zidock, Yawapa, and Pina.[6]
Brazil:[20]
Place Inhabitants
Akaju 33
Aruwã'ity 49
Cinco Minutos 60
Jakareãkagokã 47
Jovem de Deus 32
Karapijuty 55
Karavovõ 48
Kupa'u 45
Kwapoywyry (Aramirã II) 57
Mogywyry (Piaui) 54
Najaty 53
Okakai 36
Pairakae 42
Suisuimënë 11 (minority)
Tabokal 57
Takweniwi[21][lower-alpha 2] 133
Yululuwi[21][lower-alpha 2] 50
Ytawa 65
Ytuwasu 117
Yvytõtõ 38

Notes:

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 A chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named intro
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Davy & Tritsch 2012, p. 16.
  3. ↑ Apina Conselho das Aldeias Wajãpi (pt).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 A chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ethno
  5. ↑ Grenand & Grenand 2017, p. 18.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Les amérindiens Wayampis, citoyens français d'Amazonie (fr) (29 April 2015).
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Guide Camopi (fr).
  8. ↑ Pierre Grenand and Françoise Grenand. Living in Abundance: The Forest of the Wayampi (Amerindians from French Guiana) (PDF). Institution française publique de recherche. pp. 179–183. Retrieved 2 August 2002.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 (2012) "Comparaison des écosystèmes éducatifs chez deux groupes d'Amérindiens: les Wayãpi et les Wayana". Revue française d'éducation comparée, Raisons, Comparaison, Education 8: 55–90.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Davy & Tritsch 2012, p. 9.
  11. ↑ (1990) "Considérations sur la situation des Amérindiens de l'intérieur de la Guyane page 223" (in fr). Journal de la Société des Américanistes 76 (1): 215–227. DOI:10.3406/jsa.1990.2742.
  12. ↑ "ACCES AUX DROITS DES POPULATIONS AUTOCHTONES AMERINDIENNES DE GUYANE HAUT MARONI" (fr). http://www.ldh-paris-14-6.org/IMG/doc/acces_sante_2.doc.
  13. ↑ Davy & Tritsch 2012, p. 13.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Wajãpi.
  15. ↑ Wajãpi invasions: check out the history of almost 50 years of attacks (4 August 2019).
  16. ↑ Terra Indígena Waiãpi (pt).
  17. ↑ Thomas Malmontet (2020). "Spectrum of skin diseases in Amerindian villages of the Upper Oyapock, French Guiana". International Journal of Dermatology 59 (5). DOI:10.1111/ijd.14848. PMID 32227343.
  18. ↑ Maurizio Alì & Rodica Ailincai (2012). "Comparaison des écosystèmes éducatifs chez deux groupes d'Amérindiens: les Wayãpi et les Wayana" (in fr).
  19. ↑ Populations légales 2017 Commune de Camopi (97356) (fr).
  20. ↑ Caracterização do DSEI Amapá e Norte do Pará, conforme Edital de Chamada Pública n. 2/2017 (item 3.1) (pt) (30 June 2016).
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Francois Catzeflis (2012). "A survey of small non-volant mammals inhabiting Wayampi Amerindian houses in French Guiana". Mammalia 76 (3).

Notes

mali niŋ

Kundivihira

mali niŋ
mali niŋ

Tɛmplet:Indigenous peoples of Brazil Tɛmplet:Ethnic groups in French Guiana


A chirim ya: &It;ref> tuma maa yi laɣingu din yuli nyɛ "lower-alpha", ka lee bi saɣiritiri $It;references group ="lower-alpha"/> tuka maa bon nya

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