Ssireum
| Yaɣ sheli | martial art, wrestling  |
|---|---|
| McCune-Reischauer labi sabi Roman ni | ssirŭm |
| Sabbu din labi sabi Roman sabbu ni | ssireum |
| Tiŋa | South Korea |
| Tingbani shɛli din yina | Goryeo |
| Intangible cultural heritage status | National Intangible Cultural Heritage in South Korea, Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity |
| Described at URL | https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/01533, https://ich.unesco.org/fr/RL/01533, https://ich.unesco.org/es/RL/01533, https://english.cha.go.kr/chaen/search/selectGeneralSearchDetail.do?mn=EN_02_02&sCcebKdcd=17&ccebAsno=01310000&sCcebCtcd=ZZ&pageIndex=1&ccebKdcd=17&ccebCtcd=, https://www.heritage.go.kr/heri/cul/culSelectDetail.do?ccbaCpno=127ZZ01310000 |
Ssireum (Korean: 씨름)[1] bee Korean wrestling nyɛla folk wrestling balli shɛli ni kali national sport zaŋ n-ti Korea ka di daa piligi fourth century.
Saha ŋɔ, ŋun ka kpaɣiri m-bori nyɛla ŋun suri "belt "(satba) ka di gbubi b shee vinyɛla. Lala kompɛteesa ŋɔ nyɛla din wuhiri baŋsim yaɣa pam ka di che ka so bi nyari daŋ bee ka bɛ dansi nyabu bala.[2][3]
Etymology
mali niŋVali ( "wrestling") balli shɛŋa gba nyɛla din be ni Korean ka bɛ niŋdi li pahiri ssireum, kamani gakjeo (각저:角抵), gakhui (각희:角戱), gakryeok (각력:角力), gakji (각지:角支), chiuhui (치우희:蚩尤戱), sangbak (상박:相撲), jaenggyo (쟁교:爭交).[4] Gak (각:角), nyɛla vali balli shɛli ka niriba mali dihitabili ni di nyɛla mɔɣuni binkɔbiri ban yila kamani "oxen" n-daa piligi li di daa yi niŋ ka wuhiri taba yaa.
Mechanics
mali niŋNinvuɣ shɛba ban vari Ssireum vali (wrestlers) nyɛla ban lɛbigiri bɛ va vali taba "torso" kamani 45 degrees zaŋ chaŋ 90 degrees di yi ti niŋ ka o labi o ".[5][6]
Taarihi
mali niŋTuuli taarihi zaŋ n-ti ssireum nyɛla din be Goguryeo saha. Bɛ daa na tumi niŋdi li sooja (military) shee, ssireum nyɛla din niriba pam ni daa yu shɛli, n-ti pahi Naa nim pam zaŋ n-ti Korean, Goryeo saha miniJoseon saha.[7]
Kali biɛhigu puuni, ssireum nyɛla tun shɛli din daa niŋ bayana pam Korean holiday of Dano, dabisili din pahiri anu zaŋ n-ti "fifth lunar month", ka kompɛteesa ŋɔ nyɛ din niŋ "summer" mini "autumn". Ssireum kompɛteesa gba nyɛla din daa lahi niŋdi dabisa kamani dabisili din pahiri ata gɔli so ŋun pahiri ata ni, dabisili din pahiri anii gɔli so ŋun pahiri anahi ni n-ti pahi Buddhist All Souls' Day.[citation needed]. Bɛn daa mali bɛn shɛli n-tiri ŋun niŋ kpaŋmaŋ pam nyɛ "ox", binshɛli din mali bukaata pam pukparilim ʒilɛli ni ka lahi wuhiri ŋun di li ŋɔ kpaŋmaŋ kompɛteesa maa ni.[citation needed].
20th century, ssireum daa lɛbi tiŋgbani zaa ni lihiri shɛli telivisa puuni South Korea.[7] Din daa tuui yina kompɛteesa shɛli ni nyɛ yuuni 1912 kompɛteesa din daa niŋ Dansongsa theater din be Seoul[citation needed].
Korean wrestling nyɛla bɛn booni shɛli ssireum tum yuuni1920s[citation needed]. Pan Chosun Ssireum Federation nyɛla din daa piligi yuuni 1927. Tum yuuni 1947, ban niŋdi kompɛteesa ŋɔ nyɛ Ssireum Federation ka bɛ booni li National Ssireum Championship Contest. Ninvuɣ shɛba ban daa kpaɣiri kompɛteesa ŋɔ timsi nyɛla bɛn daa piligi shɛli lihibu 12th edition amaa ka daa lahi yihi li yuuni 1967[citation needed]. Ssireum nyɛla din mali balibu dibaa ayi: "right-sided" style predominant ka di be Gyeonggi Province yaɣili mini Honam region zaŋ n-ti southern Korea n-ti pahi "left-side" style favored din be Gyeongsang mini Chuncheong provinces. Di waligimsim nyɛla "satba" ni lo' shɛm[citation needed]. Yuuni 1994, Korean Ssireum Federation nyɛla ban daa yɛli ni laɣim dibaa ayi maa ka ssireum lee zaɣayini koŋko left-sided style.
Cultural heritage status
mali niŋSouth mini North Korea ni daa sabi lahabali shɛli wuhiya ni, Ssireum nyɛla UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists nim ni daa zaŋ shɛli pahi.[8] Di lahi nyɛla din be 131st Intangible Cultural Property.
Method of competition
mali niŋ
Ssireum nyɛla bɛn niŋdi shɛli laɣim zaɣa' gbɛlli, ka zahim kamani 7 meter, ka zaŋ "mounded sand" gili li. Niriba ayi ban kpaɣiri kompɛteesa ŋɔ nyɛla ban piligiri ni tiŋ gbanibu tamkpaɣu maa ni grappling position (baro japki), ka bɛ zaɣa yino kam zaŋ "belt" shɛli bɛn booni satba lo' o shee. (샅바)[9] Ninvuɣ so ŋun di kompɛteesa ŋɔ nyɛ ŋun niŋ kpaŋmaŋ che ka o kpee maa luɣ'shɛli paa tiŋgbani. Kamani sumo, di nyɛ a che ka a kpee yi zaɣa' gbɛlli, kompɛteesa ŋɔ din bi doli lala din wuhiri la labi piligi. Pɔi ka so ti di kompɛteesa ŋɔ o nyɛla ŋun kpaɣiri best-out-of-three style match.
Events
mali niŋWorld Championships
mali niŋTuuli World Ssireum Championships nyɛla din daa niŋ silimin gɔli September yuuni 2008, Busan World TreX-Games saha,[10] amaa din bɔŋɔ daa nyɛla "unofficial competitions". " Official" tuuli championships nyɛla din daa niŋ Siauliai, Lithuania,[11] ka ninvuɣ shɛba ban daa kpaɣiri maa kalinli daa yiɣisi kɔbigi ni pishi ka bɛ tiŋgbana pihinahi ni n-ti kpaɣiri dabaa ayi kompɛteesa ŋɔ, lahabali din yina World Ssireum Federation (WSF). Tuuli Asia Ssireum Championship mini fifth World Ssireum Championship nyɛla din daa niŋ pa taba Thuwana National Indoor Stadium din be Yangon, Myanmar, bin din gbaai silimin gɔli September biɛɣ'pishi ayi ka dali hali ni biɛɣ'pishi ni ata dali yuuni 2015.[12][13]
| Edition | Year | Host city | Men's champions | Women's champions | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2009 | Tɛmplet:Country data LTU Šiauliai |  Tullio Pachmann (90 kg) Chae Hee-kwan (+90 kg)
|
Not held | [14] |
| 2 | 2011 | Busan
|
 Valerii Komar (90 kg) Chae Hee-kwan (130 kg)
|
 Jin Mehua (60 kg) Lim Su-jeong (80 kg)
|
[15] |
| 3 | 2012 | Busan
|
Choi Sang-geun (80 kg) Lee Eol (100 kg) Andriy Nikitchenko (130 kg)
|
Seo Hyun (65 kg) Lim Su-jeong (80 kg)
|
[16] |
| 4 | 2013 |  Frankfurt
|
Tɛmplet:Country data Georgia Davit Karbelashivili (90 kg) Matti Hämäläinen (105 kg)
|
Viktoriia Sukretna (60 kg) Elena Balzer (70 kg)
|
[17] |
| 5 | 2015 | Tɛmplet:Country data MYA Yangon | Yu Zejun (70 kg) Alisher Khudayberdiev (80 kg)Tɛmplet:Country data Mongolia Uuganbaatar Myagmarsuren (90 kg) Valerii Komar (100 kg)Tɛmplet:Country data Mongolia Tamir Darmaa (120 kg) |
Zhang Yueping (50 kg) Nguyễn Thị Yến Trinh (60 kg)Tɛmplet:Country data Mongolia Khulan Batbaatar (70 kg) |
[18] |
Korean Championship (unlimited)
mali niŋKorean Ssireum Championships nyɛla din bi doli timsi. Ninvuɣ shɛba ban di kompɛteesa ŋɔ ka bɛ booni "Cheonhajangsa". (Hangul: 천하장사; Hanja: 天下壯士; ka di gbuni nyɛ ninvuɣ so ŋun mali yaa pam dunia ŋɔ ni)
| Edition | Year | Champion |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1983 | Lee Man-ki |
| 2 | Lee Man-ki (2) | |
| 3 | 1984 | Jang Ji-young |
| 4 | Lee Man-ki (3) | |
| 5 | Lee Jun-hee | |
| 6 | 1985 | Lee Man-ki (4) |
| 7 | Lee Man-ki (5) | |
| 8 | Lee Jun-hee (2) | |
| 9 | 1986 | Lee Man-ki (6) |
| 10 | Lee Bong-geol | |
| 11 | Lee Man-ki (7) | |
| 12 | 1987 | Lee Bong-geol (2) |
| 13 | Lee Jun-hee (3) | |
| 14 | 1988 | Lee Man-ki (8) |
| 15 | Lee Man-ki (9) | |
| 16 | 1989 | Lee Man-ki (10) |
| 17 | Kim Chil-gyu | |
| 18 | 1990 | Kang Ho-dong |
| 19 | Kang Ho-dong (2) | |
| 20 | Kang Ho-dong (3) |
| Edition | Year | Champion |
|---|---|---|
| 21 | 1991 | Hwang Dae-woong |
| 22 | Hwang Dae-woong (2) | |
| 23 | Kang Ho-dong (4) | |
| 24 | 1992 | Kang Ho-dong (5) |
| 25 | Lim Yong-je | |
| 26 | Kim Jung-pil | |
| 27 | 1993 | Kim Jung-pil (2) |
| 28 | Baek Seung-il | |
| 29 | Baek Seung-il (2) | |
| 30 | 1994 | Shin Bong-min |
| 31 | Baek Seung-il (3) | |
| 32 | Lee Tae-hyun | |
| 33 | 1995 | Kim Kyung-soo |
| 34 | 1996 | Kim Kyung-soo (2) |
| 35 | 1997 | Shin Bong-min (2) |
| 36 | 1998 | Kim Young-hyun |
| 37 | 1999 | Kim Young-hyun (2) |
| 38 | 2000 | Lee Tae-hyun (2) |
| 39 | 2001 | Hwang Kyu-hyun |
| 40 | 2002 | Lee Tae-hyun (3) |
| Edition | Year | Champion |
|---|---|---|
| 41 | 2003 | Choi Hong-man |
| 42 | 2004 | Kim Young-hyun (3) |
Gallery
mali niŋ-
Satba (side) -
Satba (front)
Lihimi m-pahi
mali niŋLua bi niŋ dede:bad argument #2 to 'title.new' (unrecognized namespace name 'Portal')
Kundivihira
mali niŋ- ↑ Ssireum.
- ↑ What is Ssireum?.
- ↑ Lee, Chang W.; Leland, John (30 August 2019). "Mr. Kim's Lonely Fight to Preserve a Korean Tradition". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/30/nyregion/ssireum-korean-wrestling-nyc.html.
- ↑ (in Korean) Origin and definition of ssireum 씨름의 정의 Archived 2009-03-19 at the Wayback Machine Yongin University Ssireum Research Center
- ↑ Ssireum wrestling hand techniques.
- ↑ Ssireum wrestling Jabchigi technique.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Green, Thomas A.; Svinth, Joseph R. (2010-06-11). Martial Arts of the World: An Encyclopedia of History and Innovation [2 volumes]: An Encyclopedia of History and Innovation (in English). ABC-CLIO. pp. 192–193. ISBN 9781598842449. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
- ↑ Traditional Korean wrestling listed as Intangible Cultural Heritage following unprecedented merged application from both Koreas (November 26, 2018).
- ↑ Connor, Mary E. (2009-06-30). The Koreas. ABC-CLIO. p. 325. ISBN 978-1-59884-160-2. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
- ↑ Ssireum Going Abroad. The Korea Times (September 7, 2009).
- ↑ Ssireum World Championships in Lithuania. Sumo Forum (2009-09-07).
- ↑ Official website (ko). World Ssireum Federation.
- ↑ Official website. World Ssireum Federation.
- ↑ (ko). JoongAng Ilbo. 2009-09-14. https://news.joins.com/article/3773997.
- ↑ 2011 champions (ko). World Ssireum Federation.
- ↑ 2012 champions (ko). World Ssireum Federation.
- ↑ 2013 champions (ko). World Ssireum Federation.
- ↑ 2015 champions (ko). World Ssireum Federation.
External links
mali niŋ| Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ssireum. |
- (in Korean) Korean Ssireum Association: 대한씨름협회
- Korea Ssireum Research Institute
- Korean Festival
- History of Ssireum in Korea
Tɛmplet:Main world championships
Tɛmplet:Folk wrestling Tɛmplet:Grappling Tɛmplet:Korean martial arts Tɛmplet:National symbols of North Korea